A Meta-analysis of the diagnostic value of optical coherence tomography angiography in DR / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To assess the changes of foveal avascular zone(FAZ)and vessel density(VD)using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)in diabetic retinopathy(DR)patients.<p>METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed to examine the diagnostic used OCTA in DR to date. Six electronic databases were searched to find relevant studies. We conducted a literature search in English and Chinese databases. Two authors extracted basic data, the VD of superior capillary plexus(VD_SCP), the VD of deep capillary plexus(VD_DCP), the area and the perimeter of FAZ. We used a variety of Meta-analytic methods, including <i>WMD</i> forest maps, funnel plot, Begg test and sensitivity analysis, to confirm the final results.<p>RESULTS: Totally 24 studies recruiting 2 305 eyes were included. Patients with DR showed statistical difference in VD_SCP\〖<i>WMD</i>= -5.78, 95%<i>CI </i>(-7.67 to -3.88), <i>P</i><0.05\〗, VD_DCP \〖<i>WMD</i>= -5.08, 95%<i>CI</i>(-6.49 to -3.67), <i>P</i><0.05\〗, the perimeter of FAZ \〖<i>WMD</i>=0.57, 95%<i>CI</i>(0.36 to 0.78), <i>P</i><0.05\〗, the area of FAZ \〖<i>WMD</i>=0.08, 95%<i>CI </i>(0.06 to 0.10),<i> P</i><0.05\〗 with healthy controls. <p>CONCLUSION: In general, there was a trend towards a larger area and longer perimeter of FAZ in patients with DR. It can also be concluded that the VD of FAZ is higher in healthy controls. While questions remain regarding OCTA practical applicability in its present form, with continuing development and improvement of the technology, the diagnostic value of OCTA in DR is likely to become evident.

Prediction of Olsen formula in postoperative refractive power of patients with high myopia complicated with cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To evaluate the predictability of Olsen formula for postoperative refractive power in patients with high myopia complicated with cataract.<p>METHODS: This retrospective study reviewed 65 patients(101 eyes)with high myopia and who had phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation from October 10th 2016 to August 20th 2019 in our hospital. They were divided into three groups according to the axis length: group A(26mm <AL≤28mm)17 cases(29 eyes), group B(28mm<AL≤30mm)26 cases(41 eyes), group C(AL>30mm)22 cases(31 eyes). The postoperative theoretical diopter(that is, the preoperative predictive diopter of each formula corresponding to the degree of IOL implanted)of intraocular lens was calculated by SRK/T, Haigis and Olsen formulas of IOL-master. The actual postoperative 3mo diopter was recorded and the absolute refractive error(MAE)was calculated.<p>RESULTS: The postoperative 3mo MAE in the three groups calculated with Olsen formula was 0.15(0.04, 0.22), 0.19(0.14, 0.27), 0.26(0.115, 0.455)D respectively(<i>P</i>>0.05). For patients with the same axial length, the postoperative 3mo MAE of Olsen formula was the smallest. The Bland-Altman method was used to analyze the consistency between the postoperative theoretical diopter and the postoperative 3mo actual diopter. The results showed that the postoperative 3mo actual diopter was the closest to the postoperative theoretical diopter of the Olsen formula, while the postoperative theoretical diopter of the SRK/T formula was the worst.<p>CONCLUSION: For patients with high myopia and cataract, the accuracy and stability of Olsen formula is better than that of SRK/T and Haigis formula, and Olsen formula is least affected by eye axis length.

Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of atypical renal space occupying lesions / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in renal atypical space occupying lesions.Methods:The images of conventional ultrasound and CEUS in 44 patients with 47 renal atypical space occupying lesions from May 2015 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including 26 males and 18 females. The mean age of patients was(55.9±13.7)years old, ranged from 27 to 79 years old. The mean size of the lesions in conventional ultrasound was (2.5±1.3)cm, ranged from 1.0 to 6.0 cm. The location, size, echo, boundary and color flew signals of renal lesions were observed by conventional ultrasound.The degree and the pattern of enhancement, presence or absence of a clear capsule sign were analyzed by CEUS. The ultrasound diagnosis results were compared with the pathological or clinical diagnosis.Results:Of the 47 lesions, 15 were malignant and 32 were benign. 19 lesions were diagnosed by operation pathology, including 13 renal cell carcinomas, 2 renal lymphomas, 3 renal cysts and 1 inflammatory granuloma; the other 28 benign tumors or pseudotumors were diagnosed by enhanced CT or MRI, and were followed up for more than 1 year, including 5 angiomyolipomas, 15 cysts, 3 renal junction cortex defects, 2 renal column hypertrophies, 1 local non-atrophic renal parenchyma, 1 hump kidney and 1 scar. Most of the renal cell carcinomas were hypoechoic (8/13), "fast wash-in and fast wash-out " (9/13), heterogeneous hypoenhancement (6/13), 9 with pseudocapsule and 6 with necrosis. 2 renal lymphomas were hypoechoic, "fast wash-in and fast wash-out" , 1 isoenhancement and 1 hypoenhancement. The angiomyolipomas were hyperechoic, "slow wash-in and slow wash-out" (4/5), 2 hypoenhancement, 2 hyperenhancement and 1 isoenhancement. Most renal cysts were anechoic(16/18). There was no enhancement in simple renal cysts. The wall or septum of complex renal cysts was thin and homogeneous enhanced, showing "slow wash-in and slow wash-out" with isoenhancement or hypoenhancement. Inflammatory granuloma was cystic-solid. The solid part was hypoenhancement. Renal column hypertrophy, hump kidney and local non-atrophic renal parenchyma were hypoechoic, showing the same enhancement pattern as renal parenchyma by CEUS. The junctional parenchyma defect and renal scar were hyperechoic, showing no enhancement. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and the area under the ROC curve of conventional ultrasound and CEUS in the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions were 86.7%, 87.5%, 87.2%, 0.871 and 100.0%, 96.9%, 97.9%, 0.984.There were significant differences in the diagnosis of renal atypical space occupying lesions between two methods ( P=0.03). Conclusions:CEUS was better than conventional ultrasound in the diagnosis of renal atypical space occupying lesions. CEUS had advantages in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors, benign lesions and anatomical variants mimicking a renal tumor.

Short-term therapeutic outcomes of robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for oligometastatic prostate cancer: a propensity score matching study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The role of local treatment in oligometastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is gaining interest with the oligometastases hypothesis proposed and the improvement of various surgical methods and techniques. This study aimed to compare the short-term therapeutic outcomes of robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) for oligometastatic prostate cancer (OPC) vs. localized PCa using propensity score matching.@*METHODS@#Totally 508 consecutive patients underwent RALP as a first-line treatment. The patients were divided into two groups according to oligometastatic state: the OPC group (n = 41) or the localized PCa group (n = 467). Oligometastatic disease was defined as the presence of two or fewer suspicious lesions. The association between the oligometastatic state and therapeutic outcomes of RALP was evaluated, including biochemical recurrence (BCR) and overall survival (OS). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the possible risk factors for BCR.@*RESULTS@#Totally 41 pairs of patients were matched. The median operative time, the median blood loss, the overall positive surgical margin rate, the median post-operative hospital stays, and the post-operative urinary continence recovery rate between the two groups showed no statistical significance. The 4-year BCR survival rates of the OPC group and localized PCa group were 56.7% and 60.8%, respectively, without a significant difference (P = 0.804). The 5-year OS rates were 96.3% and 100%, respectively (P = 0.326). Additionally, the results of Cox regression showed that oligometastatic state was not an independent risk factor for BCR (P = 0.682).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our findings supported the safety and effectiveness of RALP in OPC. Additionally, oligometastatic state and sites did not have an adverse effect on BCR independently.

Application of Mycobacterium marinum infected zebrafish for evaluation of anti-tuberculosis drugs / 药学学报

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium. tuberculosis. In recent years, with the emergence of drug-resistant forms, the development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs is urgently needed. In this study, we used Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum), which is highly similar to M. tuberculosis, to establish a M. marinum infected-zebrafish model and quantitative PCR (qPCR) method for bacterial count analysis. The results showed that injecting M. marinum into the yolk sac is an efficient and convenient way to infect zebrafish embryos. By counting the survival rate of infected zebrafish and the number of bacteria in zebrafish by Ziehl-Neelsen staining, we analyzed the efficacy of isoniazid and rifampicin as anti-tuberculosis drugs and the synergistic effect of drugs. The results suggested that three evaluation methods exhibit good consistency. This study demonstrated that zebrafish-M. marinum infection model combined with qPCR analysis is a simple and efficient method for in vivo screening and evaluation of anti-tuberculosis drugs. Animal experiments were carried out in accordance with the provisions for animal ethics in the Regulations on Laboratory Animals of Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

Research advance in circular RNAs / 生理学报

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous, covalently closed, single-stranded RNA without 3'-poly(A) and 5'-cap structures. CircRNAs are characterized by universality, diversity, stability and conservation, and have been found to regulate mammalian transcription and be translated into proteins. In this review, we summarized the biogenesis, classification, expression, distribution, biological functions and regulation of circRNAs. In addition, we discussed the association of circRNAs with diseases and the methods for identification and characterization of circRNAs. Finally, we speculated the application prospect and research direction of circRNAs.

Effects of laser stimulation with different power on oxygen consumption rate of CC myoblasts in mice / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of 650 nm laser irradiation on cell oxygen consumption rate in CC myoblasts following different doses.@*METHODS@#CC cells were irradiated with 650 nm laser(λ=650 nm, p=5 mW) with energy densities of 0, 0.4, and 0.8 J/cm. Cell oxidative function was measured by oxygen consumption rate kit. Protein expression of myogenic determination factor (MyoD), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its phosphorylation were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Compared to the control group, the expression levels of MyoD, PGC-1α protein were increased and cell oxygen consumption rate was promoted in the low dose group(<0.05). MyoD and PGC-1α protein expressions were also increased(<0.05), the ratio of mTOR and its phosphorylationwere decreased significantly in the high dose group(<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#650 nm laser irradiation that dose is 0.4 J/cm enhances cell oxidative function, it related to that proper dose laser irradiation promoted the expression of PGC-1a protein.

Rapid Characterization of Triacylglycerols in Edible Oils by Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry / 分析化学

Content and type of triacylglycerols(TAGs) in edible oils are closely related with our health,it is of significance to develop a fast and high-efficiency method for the determination of TAGs. In this manuscript, a fast and direct method for qualitative analysis of TAGs was established using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI-FTICR-MS). 2,5-DHB was employed as matrix and dichloromethanewas used as solvent for dissolving edible oils. With laser power of 15%,laser frequency of 100 Hz and 100 laser shots, repeatability was evaluated using relative standard deviation (RSD) and less than 10% was obtained. Different kinds of edible oils could be directly distinguished from each other using MS and MS/MS results. With confidence level of 95%, principal component analysis(PCA) results show that 34 different kinds of edible oils were clearly classified. Using this method 5% doped canola in olive was identified directly,indicating that MALDI-FTICR-MS has the potential for rapid analyzing and screening edible oils.

unusual case of silent acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction following amphetamine use

We report a case of silent acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction associated with amphetamine use in a 62 years old diabetic man. The patient was devoid of chest pain and had a normal cardiac enzyme analysis at the initial presentation. A routine electrocardiogram demonstrated acute inferior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography confirmed a total occlusion of the posterior lateral branch of right coronary artery. The patient underwent successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stent placement. Amphetamine abuse may play a role in acute myocardial infarction. Adverse cardiovascular manifestations of amphetamine can occur with sudden overt chest pain or present insidiously. In view of the potential association of amphetamine and myocardial infarction, physicians should not rely only upon clinical symptoms. This report highlights the diabetic patients with amphetamine abuse should undergo a routine electrocardiogram in such circumstances

Rosuvastatin improves myocardial function and arteriosclerosis plaque in patients with ST-segment elevation after acute myocardial infarction and percutaneous coronary intervention / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of rosuvastatin on the functions of the surviving myocardium and arteriosclerosis plaque in patients with ST-segment elevation after acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-five STEMI patients were randomized to receive 40 mg simvastatin (n=32) or 10 mg rosuvastatin (n=33) before sleep in addition to conventional medications. Before PCI and after the 12-month medications, the plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured, and echocardiography and (99)Tc(m)-MIBI single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were performed to assess the therapeutic effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the end of 12 months, the patients in simvastatin group showed significantly reduced total cholesterol, LDL-C, CRP, TNF-α, and (99)Tc(m)-MIBI uptake fraction. In rosuvastatin group, these reductions were even more obvious; the intima media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery was reduced significantly after a 12-month rosuvastatin therapy, but almost remained unchanged after simvastatin therapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rosuvastatin therapy in addition to conventional medications can significantly reduce IMT and improve the functions of the surviving myocardium in patients with STEMI after PCI.</p>

Response to metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets in correlation to pulse pressure, serum vascular endothelial growth factor and C-reactive protein in elderly hypertensive patients with chronic heart failure / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets on cardiac function, serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in elderly hypertensive patients and its relation with pulse pressure (PP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 330 elderly hypertensive patients with chronic heart failure receiving basic therapy were included. Before initiation and 3 months after the maximal tolerated dose of metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets, the parameters of blood pressure, clinical features, radionuclide ventriculographic and laboratory findings of the patients were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As the PP was elevated, the serum levels of VEGF, hs-CRP and BNP increased and the cardiac systolic and diastolic functions decreased. In patients with PP of 59-68 mmHg and > 68 mmHg, 3 months of treatment with the tablets caused significantly increased LVEF by (3.32 ± 2.35)% and (4.12 ± 3.05)% and LVPER by 0.37 ± 0.26 and 0.53 ± 0.37, respectively; PP were decreased by 8.2 ± 3.1 mmHg and 9.4 ± 4.3 mmHg and VEGF by 18.39 ± 8.43 pg/ml and 26.79 ± 14.32 pg/ml, respectively. The treatment also resulted in lowered hs-CRP and BNP in these patients by 0.26 ± 0.13 mg/L and 0.33 ± 0.16 mg/L and by 140.36 ± 68.62 ng/L and 155.39 ± 73.58 ng/L, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Obvious elevation of PP is associated with a better response to metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets in elderly hypertensive patients with chronic heart failure, and 3 months of treatment with the tablets can significantly improve the cardiac function and lower the levels of VEGF, hs-CRP and BNP in these patients.</p>

B-type natriuretic peptides and subclinical target organ damage in essential hypertensive patients / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP) and subclinical target organ damage in essential hypertensive (EH) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 317 EH patients were divided into 3 groups according to BNP levels, namely normal (BNP<600 ng/L) group (n=102), moderate (600-883.5 ng/L) group (n=116), and elevated BNP (>883.5 ng/L) group (n=99). The blood pressure, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), the intima media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery, the plaque size in the coronary artery (CS) and microalbuminuria levels were analyzed in these patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The EH patients with moderate and elevated BNP showed significantly higher LVMI, IMT, CS and microalbuminuria levels than those with normal BNP level (LVMI: 102.8∓23.12 and 123.9∓26.47 vs 91.09∓18.71 g/m2; IMT: 0.95∓0.32 and 1.16∓0.37 vs 0.84∓0.28 mm; microalbuminuria: 31.36∓20.55 and 36.73∓22.07 vs 23.21∓18.68, P<0.01). After adjustment, BNP was positively correlated to LVMI, IMT, CS and microalbuminuria level (r=0.45, 0.43, 0.39 and 0.41, respectively, P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, systolic blood pressure, BNP, FPG, and microalbuminuria, LDL-C, and BMI were all related to the occurrence of subclinical target organ damages.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BNP is positively correlated to subclinical target organs damages in EH patients.</p>

Effects of rosuvastatin on left ventricular cardiac function, arteriosclerotic plaque and high sensitive C-reactive protein in hypertensive patients with mild LDL-C elevation / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of rosuvastatin on left ventricular cardiac function, arteriosclerotic plaque and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in hypertensive patients with mild elevation of LDL-C.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-nine patients with a SBP of 140-179 mmHg and/or a DBP of 90-109 mmHg and mild elevated LDL-C were treated with rosuvastatin for 12 months (n=40) or not (n=39). The changes of hs-CRP, arteriosclerosis plaque and cardiac function at the end of the 12-months treatment relative to the baseline levels were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 12 months of treatment, LDL-C was decreased by 33.2% in rosuvastatin group but remained unchanged in patients without rosuvastatin treatment. The left ventricular peak filling rate (LVPFR) increased significantly from 1.85 to 2.59 (P<0.05) and the serum levels of hs-CRP reduced significantly (P<0.05) after rosuvastatin treatment. The size of the plaques reduced significantly after a 12-month rosuvastatin therapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rosuvastatin therapy on the basis of conventional anti-hypertensive drugs can obviously improve the left ventricular diastolic function and produce favorable effects on arteriosclerotic plaques.</p>

Clinical application of xenogenic (porcine) acellular dermal atrix (ADM) in scar treatment / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of xenogenic (porcine) ADM as dermal substitute in scar treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After scar excision, the wounds were covered with composite grafts of DR procine ADM and autologous thin split-thickness grafts in one stage or in two stages.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>22 out of 47 cases were treated in two-staged procedure. After the ADMs were applied to the wound, the autologous thin split-thickness grafts were implanted 7 days later. 25 cases were treated in one-staged procedure. The survival rates of composite grafts were (88.3 +/- 3.7)% for subcutaneous recipient bed and (89.7 +/- 3.4)% for deep fascia recipient bed in group with two-staged procedure, compared with (92.5 +/- 4.1)% and (93.2 +/- 5.2)%, respectively, in group with one-staged procedure. Early after grafts taken, the grafts had a pink colour and smooth surface. The patients were followed up for 90 days at most. The survived composite grafts were durable, elastic, smooth and soft with good function and appearance like normal skin. They could even be pinched up. The scar along the edge of the grafts was slightly hypertrophic.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The survival rate of composite graft is higher in patients with one-staged procedure. The elasticity and textural of the taken grafts are better on subcutaneous recipient bed than on deep fascia recipient bed, though the function has no difference. Xenogenic (porcine) ADM can be an optimal dermal substitute for wound coverage after scar excision.</p>

Treatment of deep partial thickness burns by a single dressing of porcine acellular dermal matrix / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of one dressing of porcine acellular dermal matrix on deep partial thickness burns.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 1997 to January 2004, sixty-seven cases of deep partial thickness total burned surface area (TBSA) from 50% to 90% burn wound were treated by a single dressing of porcine acellular dermal matrix (the porcine acellular dermal matrix group). Ten cases of deep partial thickness burned patients with the same TBSA treated by exposure method served as the exposure method group. The healing time of the wound was observed. The patients were followed up for 3 months to 2 years, and the scar proliferation was observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The deep partial-thickness wound would be healed without dressing change in the porcine acellular dermal matrix group, and the average healing time was (12.2 +/- 2.6) days. The average healing time of the exposure method group was (27.4 +/- 3.5) days. Follow up of the patients within 3 months to 2 years showed that scar proliferation in the porcine acellular dermal matrix group was much less than that in the exposure method group, even no scar proliferation was observed in some patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Without tangential excision, autografting and dressing change, a single dressing of porcine acellular dermal matrix on deep partial thickness burn wound could shorten the healing time and inhibit scar proliferation.</p>

Comparison of bisoprolol and carvidilol in antihypertensive effects and reversing left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the effects of antihypertension and reversing left ventricular hypertro- phy by carvedilol or bisoprolol in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.Methods 40 cases of mild to moderate essential hypertension patients were selected for this random single-blind,paralleling controlled clinical study.Results Patients were randomized to take 12.5～25mg carvedilol tablet orlce daily or bisoprolol 2.5～5mg once daily if DBP was still in the range of 12.0～14.6kPa(90～110mmHg)after 2 weeks' placebo baseline. Carvedilol group included 20 cases,bisoprolol group included 20 cases,and the course was 24 weeks.Blood pressure and heart rate were measured and symptoms and signs were recorded.At the end of placebo and in 24 weeks heart ultrasound,blood routine,serum glucose,blood lipid,hepatic function and renal function were examined.SBP,DBP and heart rate of patients in two groups decreased obviously.There were significant differences between the two groups.Ventricular hypertrophy of carvedilol group improved than that in pretherapy.There were significant differ- ences between the two groups.Conclusion Carvedilol was well-tolerated with less side effects such as mild headache,tiredness,dizziness,slightly elevating of serum glucose.Carvedilol could well treat the mild moderate essen- tial hypertension effectively and safely by 12.5～25mg once daily.

Fermentation and purification of recombinant alpha-galactosidase from Pichia pastoris / 生物工程学报

In order to obtain an adequate supply of alpha-galactosidase for research and practical use, the fermentation, purification and identification of the recombinant coffee bean a-galactosidase were carried out. Baffled flasks containing 100mL BMGY were inoculated with the pPIC9K-Gal/GS115 strain and allowed to grow at 30 degrees C, 250- 300r/min until a maximum optical density at 600nm (OD600) between 2.0 to 6.0 was attained. Entire 400 mL seed culture was transferred aseptically to the 5-liter fermenter, which contained 4 liter sterilized basal salts medium and 4% glycerol. The batch culture grew at 30 degrees C, pH 5.0 until the glycerol was completely consumed, and a glycerol feed was initiated to increase the cell biomass prior to induction with methanol. The culture was centrifuged at 8000 x g and the supernatant was collected. Following ultrafiltration, the retentate was balanced in 20 mmol/L sodium formicate buffer, pH 3.8 and loaded onto a cation-exchange column, HiTrap SP. The column was washed with the same buffer and bound proteins were eluted with 1 mol/L NaCl. The fractions containing recombinant a-galactosidase were pooled and concentrated with PEG20 000. Subsequently, the biochemical properties of the enzyme were determined with typical methods. At last, the fresh human blood A and B erythrocytes were incubated with the purified alpha-galactosidase at 26 degrees C for 2 4 hours. Hemagglutinins were assayed by the standard method. After an elapsed fermentation times (EFT) of 18h, the fed-batch phase was initiated to increase the cell biomass. A cellular yield of nearly 200 g/liter wet cells was achieved when induction was initiated. 72h later, the alpha-galactosidase activity against artificial substrate PNPG (PNP-alpha-galactopyranoside) achieved 36 000u per liter culture. The crude fementation supernatant contained few impurities as detected by SDS-PAGE. The supernatant was purified by cation-exchange chromatography, the target alpha-galactosidase was eluted with 40% 1mol/L NaCl and showed a 41kD band on SDS-PAGE. After concentration, the final recovery was about 41%. The Michaelis constant of the recombinant alpha-galactosidase was determined as 0.275 mmol/L, which slightly lower than the nature enzyme and suggested a higher affinity with specific substrate. When human blood type B erythrocytes pretreated with 100u/mL recombinant alpha-galactosidase reacted with bood type B antiserum, no hemagglutination occurred. This suggested that the B antigens had been removed by the enzyme successfully. These results demonstrated that the recombinant alpha-galactosidase could be produced in largescale and made it possible to explore the application of alpha-galactosidase in more fields.

Effect of telmisartan on the levels of serum adiponectin and C-reactive protein in elderly hypertensive patients with unstable angina pectoris / 中华老年医学杂志

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of telmisartan on the levels of serum adiponectin and C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)in elderly hypertensive patients with unstable angina pectoris. MethodsOne hundred and twenty elderly hypertensive patients with unstable angina pectoris were randomized into two groups, telmisartan(n=60) and perindopril(n=60) groups.The levels of hs-CRP,adiponectin, lipid factors, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were measured before and 6 months after telmisartan and perindopril treatments.ResultsAt the end of 6 months, the telmisartan group showed more reduction in plasma levels of hs-CRP and more increment in serum adiponectin concentrations and ISI significantly. The frequency of cardiovascular events was significantly lower in the patients of the telmisartan group than that of the perindopril group.ConclusionsCompared with perindopril, telmisartan significantly decreases plasma levels of hs-CRP and increases serum adiponectin concentrations in elderly hypertensive patients with unstable angina pectoris. It also significantly decreases the frequency of cardiovascular events in these patients.

Regulation of LPS-induced elevation of Ca~(2+) intracellular level of alveolar macrophages in chronic bronchitis by Angelica Sinensis and nifedipine / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To explore regulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced elevation of Ca 2+ intracellular level in alveolar macrophages(AMs) from patients with chronic bronchitis by Angelica Sinensis and nifedipine.METHODS:AMs was obtained from 7 patients with chronic bronchitis and 6 normal controls by bronchoalveolar lavage and intracellular Ca 2+ level was detected after adding Angelica Sinensis, nifedipine or LPS to the supernatant of AMs loaded by Fura-2. RESULTS: In contrast with normal control group (99.65?32.21 nmol/L), intracellular Ca 2+ level in AMs from chronic bronchitis group (189.47?23.69 nmol/L) was increased significantly in the absence of extracellular Ca 2+ but not 1 mmol/L. Intracellular Ca 2+ level in AMs from chronic bronchitis group were significantly increased by adding 10 ?g/mL LPS to the supernatant of AMs. LPS-induced elevation of intracellular Ca 2+ level in AMs from chronic bronchitis group was completely inhibited by Angelica Sinensis or nifedipine.CONCLUSION: Both Anelica Sinensis and nifedipine may inhibit activation of AMs from patients with chronic bronchitis by reducing LPS-induced elevation of intracellular Ca 2+ level in AMs, suggested that these two medicines may inhibit non-specific inflammation of airways in chronic bronchitis.

Effects of inhaling N_6-phenyl-2R-isopropyl-adenosine on the experimental asthmatic guinea-pigs / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To evaluate the role of inhaling N 6-phenyl-2R-isopropyl-adenosine (R-PIA) on the airway resistance and pulmonary compliance of experimental asthmatic guinea-pigs. METHODS: Experimental model of asthmatic guinea-pigs were made. Inhaling R-PIA 5 mg/mL( 5 mg R-PIA in 1 mL 0.9% saline). The airway resistance, pulmonary compliance and NO- x, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP),tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were observed. RESULTS: Compared with asthma group, after inhaling R-PIA, the airway resistance of experimental asthmatic guinea-pigs increased ( P 0 05). CONCLUSION: Inhaling R-PIA could constrict the airway of experimental asthmatic guinea-pigs.